Guardians of Grail

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Outsourcing that Leads to Counterfeit Shoe Production,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych]
Counterfeit shoes are sweeping the market,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and controlling the sale and production of these fakes is becoming more complicated than ever. This is partly because it is becoming more and more difficult for a consumer to tell a fake from an authentic shoe. And with good reason!
More and more major shoe companies are shifting their bases of operation overseas. Even European giants like Armani and Prada are making their shoes in China on the sly and then finishing the shoes in Europe to hold on to that coveted "Made in Italy",[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], or wherever,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], label. But by selling the production of their footwear to a factory in China or Indonesia,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], these companies are also giving up some control over the design-knowledge that makes an Armani or Prada or even Nike shoe special in the first place. The result is what is sometimes referred to as the "third shift",[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the "ghost shift" or the "midnight shift". Factories that are licensed by Nike to produce Nike sneakers make shoes for the American company during the day; then at night,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], these same factories produce an extra few thousand pairs of shoes that will be sold to the black-market as counterfeits. These "third shift" shoes may be made out of cheaper materials,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], but they are made by the same people. New Balance decided to terminate its relationship with one of its contractors,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], Horace Chang. Chang was ordered to turn over everything that could amount to intellectual property - molds,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], marketing,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], design-information,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], labels,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], etc. Chang refused. The case ended up in international courts.
This kind of problem is one of the risks that major shoe companies take by manufacturing their products overseas. However,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], most companies are making enough of a profit by making their shoes in China as opposed to Europe or the United States that it is worth the risk.
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